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Centre for Affordable Housing Finance in Africa
  • LEGAL, POLICY AND INSTITUTIONAL REVIEW OF THE AFFORDABLE HOUSING SECTOR IN KENYA
  • QUICK LINKS TO SEARCH FOR THE SOURCE REGULATORY DOCUMENTS
  • BILLS SCHEDULE
  • NEW DEVELOPMENTS
  • PLEASE SHARE YOUR COMMENTS & FEEDBACK
  • 1. SUMMARY of RECOMMENDATIONS
    • High Level Findings / Recommendations
    • Overall Policy & Regulatory Framework Recommendations
    • Land assembly, land acquisition, title, and registration of land tenure
    • Physical Planning
    • Construction and Maintenance
    • Financing (investment, rental, taxation)
  • 2. HOUSING VALUE CHAIN
    • i. Land assembly, Land Acquisition, Title and Registration of Land Tenure
    • ii. Physical Planning
    • iii. Construction and Maintenance
    • iv. Financing (investment, rental, taxation)
  • 3. INSTITUTIONS INVOLVED IN REGULATION OF HOUSING
    • i. Key National Government Ministries
    • ii. Secondary National Government Ministries
    • iii. County Governments
    • iv. Judiciary
    • v. Professional regulatory and advocacy bodies
  • 4. OVERARCHING POLICIES AND CONTEXT
  • 5. LAND ASSEMBLY, LAND ACQUISITION, TITLE AND REGISTRATION OF TENURE
  • 6. PHYSICAL PLANNING
  • 7. CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE
  • 8. HOUSING INVESTMENT, FINANCE & TAXATION
    • 8.1 Capital Markets and Wholesale Finance (Equity and Debt)
    • 8.2 Retail Finance
    • 8.3 Financial regulation of rental markets
    • 8.4 Taxation
  • ANNEX A: LAWS / POLICIES / REGULATIONS GOVERNING THE BREADTH OF THE HOUSING VALUE CHAIN
    • 1. Constitution of Kenya 2010
    • 2. Housing Act, 1953 Cap 117 (Revised in 2012)
    • 3. Housing Bill, 2021
    • 4. Sessional Paper No. 3 of 2016 on National Housing Policy
    • 5. Affordable Housing Act 2024
    • 6. Draft Affordable Housing Regulations, 2024
    • 7. The Economic and Social Rights Bill 2022
  • ANNEX B: LAWS / POLICIES / REGULATIONS GOVERNING LAND ASSEMBLY / ACQUISITION / TITLE / TENURE
    • 1. Land Act, No. 6 of 2012
    • 2. Land Registration Act, No. 3 of 2012
    • 3. Idle Land Taxation Policy 2018
    • 4. Community Land Act. No. 27 of 2016
    • 5. Sessional Paper No. 3 of 2009, the National Land Policy
    • 6. National Land Commission Act, No. 5 of 2012
    • 7. National Land Commission (Investigation of Historical Land Injustices) Regulations, 2017
    • 8. National Land Commission (Amendment) Bill, 2023
    • 9. Land Control Act (Cap 302), 1967
    • 10. Land Control Bill, 2023
    • 11. Environment and Land Court Act No. 19 of 2011
    • 12. Survey Act No. 25 of 1961 (Cap 299)
    • 13. Land Registration (General) Regulations, 2017
    • 14. Land Registration (Registration Units) Order, 2017
    • 15. Sectional Properties Act, No. 21 of 2020
    • 16. Land (Amendment) Bill 2022
  • ANNEX C: LAWS / POLICIES / REGULATIONS GOVERNING PHYSICAL PLANNING
    • 1. Sessional Paper No. 1 of 2017 on National Land Use Policy
    • 2. National Land Use Policy Implementation Monitoring and Oversight Tool 2022
    • 3. Kenya National Spatial Plan (2015-2045)
    • 4. Physical and Land Use Planning Act, No. 13 of 2019
    • 5. Physical and Land use Planning (Planning fees), Regulation 2021
    • 6. County Spatial Planning Guidelines, 2018
    • 7. Nairobi City Development Ordinances and Zones Guidelines 2004
    • 8. Nairobi Integrated Urban Development Master Plan (2014-2030)
    • 9. Physical Planning Handbook 2008
    • 10. Sessional Paper No. 10 of 2014 on The National Environment Policy
    • 11. Urban Areas and Cities Act, No. 13 of 2011
    • 12. Physical Planners Registration Act, No. 3 of 1996
    • 13. Export Processing Zones Act, 1990 (Cap 517)
    • 14. Investment Promotion Act, No. 6 of 2004
    • 15. Special Economic Zones Act, No. 16 of 2015
    • 16. Nairobi City County Regularization of Development Act No. 3 of 2015
    • 17. Nairobi City County Community and Neighbourhood Associations Engagement No. 4 of 2016
    • 18. Sectional Properties Regulations, 2021
    • 19. Nairobi City County Development Control Policy
  • ANNEX D: LAWS GOVERNING CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE
    • 1.Local Government (Adoptive ByLaws) Building Order, 1968 and The Local Government (Adoptive By-Laws
    • 2. National Building Code, 2024
    • 3. National Construction Authority Act, No. 41 of 2011
    • 4. National Construction Authority Regulations, 2014
    • 5. NCA Code of Conduct for the Construction Industry, 2020
    • 6. National Construction Authority (Defects Liability) Regulations, 2020
    • 7. Standards Act, 1974 (Cap 496)
    • 8. Buy Kenya-Build Kenya Strategy 2017
    • 9. Sessional Paper No. 1 of 2013 National Building Maintenance Policy for Kenya
    • 10. National Risk Disaster Management Bill 2023
    • 11. Kenya National Climate Change Response Strategy 2010
    • 12. Sustainable Waste Management Act 2022
    • 13. Forest Conservation and Management Act, No. 34 of 2016
    • 14. Forests (Harvesting) Rules, 2009
    • 15. Public Health Act, 1921 (Cap 242)
    • 16. Public Health (Drainage and Latrine) Rules, 1948
    • 17. Mining Act, No. 12 of 2016
    • 18. Persons with Disabilities Act, No. 14 of 2003
    • 19. The Climate Change (Amendment) Act, 2023
    • 20. Water Act No. 43 of 2016
    • 21. Environmental Management and Coordination Act, No. 8 of 1999
    • 22. Environmental (Impact Assessment and Audit) Regulations, 2003
    • 23. Environmental Management and Co-ordination (Water Quality) Regulations, 2006
    • 24. Environmental Management and Coordination (Noise and Excessive Vibration Pollution) (Control) Re
    • 25. Energy Act No. 1 of 2019
    • 26. Proposed Climate Change (Green & Resilient Buildings) Regulations 2023
    • 27. The National Construction Authority (Amendment) Bill 2022
    • 28. The Water (Amendment) Bill, 2023
    • 29. Persons with Disabilities Bill, 2023
    • Case Law
  • ANNEX E: LAWS AND POLICIES RELATING TO PROFESSIONALS IN HOUSING
    • 1. Architect and Quantity Surveyor Act, 1933 (Cap 525)
    • 2. Architects and Quantity Surveyors By-Laws, 1959
    • 3. Competition Act, No. 12 of 2010
    • 4. Engineers Act, No. 43 of 2011
    • 5. Engineering Rules, 2019
    • 6. Engineers (Scale of Fees for Professional Engineering Services) Rules, 2022
    • 7. Engineering Technology Act, No. 23 of 2016
    • 8. Valuers Act, 1985 (Cap 532)
    • 9. The Construction Project Managers and Construction Managers Bill 2023
    • 10. The Real Estate Management Bill 2023
    • 11. The Physical and Land Use Planning (Outsourcing of Professional Services) Regulations, 2021
    • 12. The Valuers Bill, 2022
  • ANNEX F: LAWS GOVERNING FINANCING / RENTAL / TAXATION
    • 1. Retirement Benefits Act, No. 3 of 1997
    • 2. Building Societies Act, 1956 (Cap 489)
    • 3. Banking Act, 1989 (Cap 488)
    • 4. Capital Markets (Real Estate Investment Trusts) (Collective Investment Schemes) Regulations, 2013
    • 5. Central Bank of Kenya Act 1966 (Cap 491)
    • 6. Estate Agents Act, 1984 (Cap 533)
    • 7. Sacco Societies Act, No. 14 of 2008
    • 8. Sacco Societies (Deposit-Taking Sacco Business) Regulations 2010
    • 9. Sacco Societies (Non-Deposit Taking Business) Regulations 2020
    • 10. Sacco Societies (Amendment) Act, 2022
    • 11. Sacco Societies (Specified Non-Deposit Taking Business) (Levy) Order, 2023
    • 12. Cooperative Societies Act, No. 12 of 1997
    • 13. Employment Act, No. 11 of 2007
    • 14. Guarantee (House Purchase) Act, 1967 (Cap 462)
    • 15. Civil Servants (Housing Scheme Fund) Regulations, 2004
    • 16. Housing Scheme Fund Regulations, 2018 (Legal Notice No. 238 of 2018)
    • 17. Income Tax Act (Cap 470)
    • 18. Finance Act, No. 22 of 2022
    • 19. Public Finance Management Act, No. 18 of 2012
    • 20. Unclaimed Financial Assets Act, No. 40 of 2011
    • 21. Proceeds of Crime and Anti-Money Laundering Act, No. 9 of 2009
    • 22. Kenya Deposit Insurance Act, No. 10 of 2012
    • 23. Mortgages (Special Provisions) Act, 1968 (Cap 304)
    • 24. Auctioneers Act No. 5 of 1996
    • 25. Auctioneers Practice Rules 2009
    • 26. Auctioneer Rules, 1997
    • 27. Rent Restriction Act, 1959 (Cap 296)
    • 28. Stamp Duty Act, 1958 (Cap 480)
    • 29. Stamp Duty (Valuation of Immovable Property) Regulations 2020
    • 30. Value Added Tax Act, No. 35 of 2013
    • 31. Public Private Partnerships Act, No. 14 of 2021
    • 32. County Governments Act, No. 17 of 2012
    • 33. National Rating Act, 2024
    • 34. Distress for Rent Act, 1938 (Cap 293)
    • 35. Landlord and Tenant Bill, No. 3 of 2021
    • 36. The Cooperatives Bill, 2024
    • 37. The Central Bank of Kenya (Mortgage Refinance Companies) Regulations, 2019
    • 38. Finance Act No. 4 of 2023
    • 39. Tax Laws (Amendment) Act 2024
    • 40. Tax Procedures (Amendment) Act 2024
  • ANNEX G: OFF-PLAN HOUSING DEVELOPMENTS
  • ANNEX H: IN-DEPTH ANALYSIS ON HANGING REGULATIONS
    • 1. Housing Bill, 2021
    • 2. Landlord and Tenant Bill, No. 3 of 2021
    • 3. Retirement Benefits (Mortgage Loans) (Amendments) Regulations, 2020
    • 4. Housing Scheme Fund Regulations, 2018 (Legal Notice No. 238 of 2018)
    • 5. Housing Scheme Fund Regulations, 2018 (Legal Notice No. 238 of 2018)
    • 6. National Construction Authority (Defects Liability) Regulations, 2020
    • 7. The Finance Bill, 2024
    • 8. The Valuers Bill, 2022
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  • National Rating Act 2024
  • Tax Laws (Amendment) Act 2024
  • Tax Procedures (Amendment) Act 2024
  • National Building Code 2024

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NEW DEVELOPMENTS

This page highlights the latest legal and regulatory developments in Kenya鈥檚 affordable housing sector as of March 2025, reflecting updates since the last GitBook revision & subject to future updates.

PreviousBILLS SCHEDULENextPLEASE SHARE YOUR COMMENTS & FEEDBACK

Last updated 1 month ago

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路 The National Rating Act 2024 was enacted into law on 4th December 2024 following the assent of the National Rating Bill 2022 (National Assembly Bill No. 55 of 2022).

路 It replaces the Rating Act and Valuation for Rating Act, establishing a comprehensive framework for rating land and buildings by county governments.

路 This Act was enacted on 11 December 2024 following the assent of the Tax Laws (Amendment) Bill 2024 by the President of Kenya. It became effective on 27th December 2024.

路 The Tax Laws (Amendment) Act 2024 touches on the Income Tax Act and the Excise Duty Act.

The Tax Procedures (Amendment) Act 2024 was assented to on the 11th of December, 2024. It amends the Tax Procedures Act to suspend the application of multilateral agreements or treaty provisions applicable in Kenya which impose import duty on imported steel billets and wire rods.

The Kenya National Building Code 2024 which was officially published on March 1, 2024 took effect on March 1, 2025, replacing the old 1968 building regulations. This new code introduces stricter safety measures, promotes sustainable building practices, and streamlines the approval process. The National Construction Authority (NCA) is responsible for enforcing the code and has launched a nationwide sensitization drive to educate stakeholders.

National Rating Act 2024
Tax Laws (Amendment) Act 2024
Tax Procedures (Amendment) Act 2024
National Building Code 2024